Kateb Quarterly ( Scientific – Research), Vol. 4, No. 5, Summer 2017 173 – 191
Mohammad Reza Samadi1, Mojtaba Zurvani2, Ghorban Elmi3
1- Professor at Kateb University, Kabul, Afghanistan, Corresponding Author۹
2 & 3- Scientific Board Member of Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
The second half of the 20th century for the most Islamic Countries like Afghanistan has been associated with many social crises such as the legitimacy crisis, the participation crisis, the security crisis, economic crises, and so on, which prompted various protest and local reactions, such as Fundamentalist currents, as a protest against the existing order and the growing crises of their societies. According to Hrair Dekmejian’s theory, a historical empirical model shows that the cause and effect relationship is between social crises and the appearance of revolutionary or revivalist movements that demand the elimination of the existing formal order and the construction of a modern society based on its own ideological program. In this article, we are going to analyze the Appearance of a neo-fundamentalist Taliban group that has the most extreme ideology among fundamentalist and neo-fundamentalist groups in Afghanistan based on Dekmejian’s theory and discuss the internal social crises in Afghanistan. According to the theory of crisis, the existence of a crisis within Afghanistan has exacerbated the revolutionary religious emotions and inclinations in the country and has led to collective and organized religious responses to confront the crisis. Therefore, the main question of the article is how the social crisis in Afghanistan has had an impact on the appearance of the Taliban in this country?
Key words: religious fundamentalism, Islamic fundamentalism, neo-fundamentalism, social crisis, Taliban
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